Means for cooling the valves in internal combustion engines



Dec. 8, 1936. BAJ 2,063,779

MEANS FOR COOLING THE VALVES IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 14, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I 4 18 Q 16 0 3 a g 12 r I Z A 25 fiffifl/ Dec. 8, 1936. BAJ 2,063,779

MEANS FOR COOLING THE VALVES IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 14, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 uvvem To/Q meted Dec. a, was

\ UNITED STATES MEANS FOR COOLING THE VALVES IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Alessandro Bai, Milan. Italy Application June 14, 1932, Serial No. 617,182 In Germany June 23, 1931 lclalm.

15- fltted with the cooling arrangement according,

to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross section along the line 22 in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a further cross section approximately 20 along the line 3-3 in Fig. l but showing a modifled arrangement.

With particular reference to Fig. 1 there is provided a pipe I for carrying the cooling fluid from a conventional heat exchange (not shown) 25 to the lateral duct 2 in the medial portion of the cylinder head 2. This cylinder head is also provided with a vertical bore which terminates in its lower end in a valve seat ll while the medial portion of the bore is formed with a chamber [2 which communicates with .the inner end of the duct 2. The bore is enlarged adjacent the top of the cylinder head to form a housing l3 for the conventional valve springs. The valve guide It is disposed within the bore and terminates 5 short of the valve seat H and also short of the top of the housing l3. This guide is provided internally with upper annular groove l5 and the medial annular groove l6 said grooves being respectively provided with ports I1 and I8 for es- 40 tablishing communication with the housing and with the chamber [2.

The valve stem A carrying the valve head B at its lower end is hollow as shown at l9 and operates within the valve guide [4 by means 5 of cam 20 and-spring supported tappet 2|. The tappet 2| is provided with a skirt which forms a closing for the housing I3. The hollow valve stem is also provided with openings 22, 23 and 24 to respectively establish communication between 50 the hollow of the stem and with the upper annular groove l5, medial annular groove l6 and the head 3 of the valve. In this connection it is to be noted that the ports 22 and 23 are so disposed in the stem with respect to the grooves I5 55 and I6 that communication therewith is ensured regardless of whether the valve is opened or closed. The valve guide is further provided at its lower end with vertical grooves 25 on its outer surface so as to direct the cooling fluid on the upper surface of the head of the valve B from the chamber l2. The cooling fluid entering the housing I3 through the port ll may be discharged therefrom through the discharge passageway 26.

The cooling of the valve can be effected by causing the gaseous medium to flow:

(1) Through the stem A fitted with a set of holes;

(2) Along the stem, in grooves formed in the valve-carrying guide or in-the stem;

(3) Directly on the top face of the valve-mushroom 13.

The fluid may follow two differentways:

(1) By traversing the port I8 formed in the valve-carrying guide It, it enters the inside of the valve stem A through holes 23, circulates inside this stem in a longitudinal bore l9 and issues either at the top through apertures 22 or it issues close to the mushroom B through radial holes 24 so that it comes into contact with the top face of the mushroom and with thevalve seat.

(2) By traversing suitable grooves 25 formed in the valve-carrying guide or on the valve stem which direct the gas in a downward direction to contact and cool the valve stem, top face of the mushroom and the valve seat.

In the modified form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 3, the cooling fluid may flow directly to the valve B and valve seat H for the purpose of cooling the same without first passing through or along the valve stem. In this embodiment of the invention, a pipe la is provided for carrying the cooling fluid from a conventional heat exchange (not shown) to a passageway 9 having a discharge opening ill arranged adjacent the lower end of the valve stem A.

The cooling mixture may be introduced into the system under pressure by any suitable means, not shown.

What I claim and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is: I

An apparatus of the character described, including in combination a cylinder head provided with a vertical bore the lower part of which terminates in a valve seat while the medial portion is enlarged to form a chamber and the upper portion enlarged to form a housing, said head further provided with a lateral duct communicating with the chamber, 'a valve guide mounted in the bore and terminating short 01' the upper end of the housing and the seat and provided with an upper internal annular groove and ports adjacent the housing and a medial internal annular groove and ports adjacent the chamber for respectively establishing communication between the corresponding adjacent parts, a hollow valve stem operating in the guide and provided with a head at the lower end for cooperating with the seat, said stem also having openings at its upper, medial and lower portions for respectively establishing communication between the ho]- low of the stem and with the upper and medial grooves and the outer surface of the head, a tappet on the upper end of the stem having a. skirt enclosing the housing, and the outer surface of the valve guide at its point of engagement with the bore between the chamber and the seat being provided with vertical grooves,

for directly applying a fluid on the head.

ALESSANDRO BAJ. 

